
Anorexia nervosa
Anorexia nervosa is a complicated eating disorder, In a simple world, we call it a loss of appetite. This anorexia nervosa disorder can occur at any age, especially common in adolescents and young adults. Anorexia nervosa is more common in young females.
Excessive dieting and exercise can lead to a life-threatening anorexia nervosa. Patients of anorexia nervosa always think that they are overweight, and thus they try to keep the weight as low as possible.
There are two major types of anorexia nervosa.
1. Restricting anorexia nervosa
2. Purging anorexia nervosa
1. Restricting anorexia nervosa, In it, people force themselves to stay away from eating, and even if they do eat, they eat very little.
2. Purging anorexia nervosa, this disorder is very strange, because affected people eat food but later they try to expel the food out of the stomach by any means, so they put their fingers in their mouth and try to vomit.
Signs and symptoms
People who have anorexia nervosa will always say," I'm not hungry, "whenever you tell them to eat. The signs and symptoms of anorexia nervosa are very clear, sometimes it could be emotional and sometimes could be physical, some of them are following,
- Dizziness
- Lack of appetite & thin body
- Insomnia
- Weakness
- More active and exercising
- Nausea
- skin and hair disorders
- Constipation
- Dehydration
- Abdominal pain
- Menstrual irregularity
- Infertility
Other symptoms include hypotension, oedema, memory loss, cold intolerance, etc.
Causes of anorexia nervosa
The exact cause of the anorexia nervosa have not been identified yet, but it has often been observed that people with nervous weakness have this anorexia nervosa.
People face life-threatening anorexia nervosa, because of their desire to look beautiful and attractive, but it can lead to mental health crises, which lead to depression. Even anorexia nervosa sufferers commit suicide due to depression.
Mostly actors, actresses, athletes, people associated with the modelling industry have anorexia nervosa because thin people are more valuable in these fields.
It simply means to control the natural process artificially. People with this disorder are sometimes very hungry but can't eat. I would call it a feeling of inferiority or fear. The causes of anorexia nervosa are as follows,
- Fear of obesity
- Genetic
- Depression
- Cultural factors
- Exercise excessively
- Usage of laxatives.
Complications, I call it life-threatening anorexia, because it causes a lot of dangerous complications such as,
- Heart diseases
- Osteoporosis
- Kidney problems
- Liver problems
Laboratory investigations
Anorexia nervosa patients also have complications with blood test such as anaemia, high cholesterol levels, endocrine abnormalities, etc.
Treatment of anorexia nervosa
As we all know there is no medication for anorexia nervosa, but if anyone has an anorexia nervosa, they should first consult a primary care physician to find out the reasons for anorexia nervosa. The physician can ask questions about your eating habit.
In addition, the physician recommends some tests to rule out certain diseases because there are many similarities between anorexia and these diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBS), hypothyroidism, diabetes, cancer. Such people are also in dire need of counselling.
It is very important to know body mass index ( BMI ) in anorexia nervosa.To find out the BMI, usually, doctors first determine the weight in kilograms and height in meters and then divide the weight by meters squared, normal BMI should be from 18.5-24.9, less than that will call underweight, and more than that normal BMI will be called obesity.BMI should be based on your age.
Depending on the severity of your weight loss, In some cases, antidepressants are very effective, but some people who are facing anorexia nervosa are also hospitalized because their BMI is much lower than normal BMI. If someone has severely dehydrated, so they are put on intravenous fluids.
Nutritionist: In this eating disorder, you will need a nutritionist who will tell you what to eat and what not to eat. A nutritionist will tell you the benefits of a balanced diet and may advise you to use a certain type of nutritional supplements.
We commonly observe that patients with this eating disorder are unwilling to admit that they have anorexia nervosa.In such cases, it is the duty of the family to support and take special care of their diet.
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